![]() The premise of this article is that neuroimaging studies can provide unique insights into the locus of the Stroop effect. As such, the degree of behavioral interference that is observed is the culmination of processing in specific brain regions as well as their interaction. ![]() Importantly, it is argued that this control occurs in a cascade-like manner, such that the degree of control that is exerted at earlier stages influences the degree of control that needs to be exerted at later stages. Medial prefrontal regions, in contrast, tend to be more involved in response-related and late-stage aspects of control. ![]() In particular, the evidence suggests that lateral prefrontal regions work to bias processing toward the task-relevant dimension of a Stroop stimulus (e.g., its color) and away from the task-irrelevant dimension (e.g., the meaning of the word). Evidence for this viewpoint is provided by a review of neuroimaging studies that were specifically designed to isolate levels of interference in the Stroop task and the underlying neural systems that work to control the effects of interference at those levels. As such, there are multiple loci at which the Stroop effect occurs. This article argues that the Stroop effect can be generated at a variety of stages from stimulus input to response selection.
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